The growth rate of lithium batteries (EB) for electric bicycles has been very significant in recent years. Especially this year, with the promotion of national standard electric bicycles and the control of non-national standard electric bicycles, electric-assist bicycles equipped with lithium batteries have emerged rapidly, boosting the sales of lithium-ion electric bicycles. The specific content of the national standard will not be repeated here. The models are roughly divided into: electric-assist bicycles and electric motorcycles.

The general model distribution of lithium batteries for electric bicycles on the market:

Electric forklift battery

The above models cover scooters, ride-hailing vehicles, and electric motorcycles. Model variations exist depending on local government regulations for the urban electric vehicle industry. For example, Guangzhou mainly offers basic and folding models, while Beijing primarily offers 48V basic models and other electric motorcycle models. What is the current technological situation? Below, we will mainly introduce it from the PACK perspective (domestic companies are quite mature in producing standard ternary 18650 battery cells):

The entire battery pack generally consists of: cells, cell brackets, BMS, busbars, connecting wires, connectors, insulation plates, and fasteners.

Most battery cells on the market use ternary 18650 cells with capacities of 2400mAh-2500mAh, primarily micro-power grade cells, not the automotive-grade cells that are often advertised (although it's possible they are simply automotive-grade selected cells). The price of automotive-grade cells is prohibitive for EB lithium batteries. This isn't to say that micro-power grade cells are bad; in fact, Grade A micro-power grade cells are more than sufficient to meet the performance requirements of EB lithium battery packs.

The protection board is the brain of the entire battery pack. It collects information on cell current, voltage, and temperature during operation and charging, and formulates reasonable protection strategies, such as protection against overcharging, over-discharging, instantaneous high current, and short circuit. The importance of the protection board's overall operation control strategy is self-evident. In the entire continuous operation, the reliability and stability of the hardware board and electronic components are equally important.

The stability of the product is also related to the cell welding process and module fixing method during the production process.